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This madd is very simple. Almost as simple as the madd tabee‘ee, in fact. You might just be surprised to know you have been doing this madd since you first started reading Quran without even realising it… Have a read for yourself….
Al-Madd Al-Badal: substituted prolongation occurs when a hamza (ء) preceeds a harf madd (ا or ي or و).
This madd is sounded for two counts when continuing recitation or stopping after the word with the madd.
This madd is only found within one word, and occurs when the hamza has the respective diacritic on it, e.g. if the harf madd ‘waaw’ follows a hamza, the hamza has a dammah on it.
Examples of al-madd al-badal:
Aadama
Ootoo
Eemaanan
The following is an example of a word that does NOT fulfil the conditions of a madd badal, and hence it is not sounded for two counts:
Aymaanahum
To reiterate, the reason this word doesn’t have madd badal is because the hamza before the harf madd has a diacritic not suitable for the harf madd. The suitable diacritic for yaa is kasra, however the hamza here has a fat-ha.
Resources Link:
– ‘Jadwal Al-Mudood’, fifth madd listed
– ‘Tajweed Basics Foundations And More’ covers a range of mudood
Note, these documents are found on the resources page.
Related Posts: Ahkaam Al-Madd – Al-Madd Al-Tabee’ee – Al-Madd Al-Waajib Al-Mutasil – Al-Madd Al-Jaa’ez Al-Munfasil – Al-Madd Al-’Iwad – Al-Madd Al-Leen – Al-Madd Al-‘Aarid Lil Sukoon – Al-Madd Al-Silah: Kubra & Sughra – Al-Madd Al-Laazim: Kalimee – Al-Madd Al-Laazim: Harfee.
Tajweed Me 
Salaam, Was wondering, why does this madd rule not come under madd al-asli?
Wa alakykum asalam, sis!
In tajweed, there are levels of priority when it comes down to rulings. Originally, that alif/waaw/yaa would’ve been classed as a madd asli, but because the hamzah came before it, the ruling of madd badal is prioritised, and it’s named “madd badal”, so it’s no longer madd tabee’ee (asli).
Similarly, madd al-leen is ‘prioritised’ over madd al-‘aarid lil sukoon when the yaa or waaw have a fat-ha before it. It’s still technically madd al-‘aarid lil sukoon, but we no longer call it that, we call it madd al-leen.
Let me know if this answers your question, or if I should find a clearer way of explaining 🙂
Very helpful. In fact today I got the correct idea of difference between madd asli and madd badal. BaarakAllah feeki.
Tabarak Allaah great work. This site is helping me out a lot. Jazak Allaahu Khair
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